Industrial & Specific Reactors
- A brief review on catalysis concepts; catalyst deactivation, poisoning and catalysts poisons; mechanisms of catalyst deactivation; parallel, series, side-by-side and independent deactivation; effect of pore diffusion; form of surface attack by poison
- The rates of deactivation; activity definition; ways of following deactivation process; batch and flow solids equipments; deactivating catalyst in batch, mixed and plug flow reactors; determination of order and deactivation constant
- Determination of the rate for parallel, series and side-by-side deactivation; shell model for deactivation; uniform deactivation; application of moving beds reactors in determining the rate of fast deactivation; run time and mean conversion in operation of catalytic reactors
- Three phase reactors; classification of slurry reactors; application of slurry reactors; reaction steps in a slurry reactor; determining the performance expression for a slurry reactor
- Determination of controlling resistances of reactions in slurry reactors; different flow regimes in slurry reactors, perfect and imperfect bubbly, churn turbulent and slug flow
- Correlations for mass transfer coefficients; mass transfer coefficient from gas to liquid with or without mechanical stirrer; mass transfer coefficient from liquid to solid; limits of application of slurry reactors
- Trickle bed reactors; application of trickle bed reactors; flow regimes in three phase systems; global rate, correlations for mass transfer coefficients from gas to liquid and liquid to particle, trickle bed reactor model
- Reaction steps in trickle bed reactors; dynamic model for trickle bed reactors
- Bioreactors; cell multiplication; stages of cell growth, lag phase, exponential growth phase, stationary phase and death phase; rate laws; Monod equation; specific and maximum growth rate; product inhibition, doubling times
- Stoichiometry for cell growth; cell maintenance; product formation in growth and stationary phase; mass balances for cell and substrate; chemostats; design equation; dilution rate; wash out; maximum rate of cell production
- Oxygen-limited fermentation; transport steps for growth of yeast and bacteria; similarity between slurry and bioreactors; correlation for mass transfer coefficients in bioreactors
- Fluidized bed reactors; fluidization; application of fluidized bed reactors; bubbling fluidized bed; Geldart classification of solids; minimum fluidizing velocity; void fraction of bed; termination velocity of solids
- Two phase and hydrodynamic models; Kunii-Levenspiel model; turbulent fluidized bed; fast fluidized bed; pneumatic conveying
- Two phase fixed bed reactors; pertinent parameters of design; classification of models for fixed bed reactors; pseudo homogeneous models; one dimensional model
- Two dimensional models; heterogeneous models for fixed bed reactors; correlations for mass and heat transfer coefficients in fixed beds, stability of fixed bed
- Less conventional reactors; chemical vapor deposition reactors; monolith reactors; impinging streams reactors