Mine Surveying and Field Operation
- Basic concept of surveying
- Error and uncertainty in surveying (Introduction of types of errors in engineering, errors and mistakes, relationships and combinations of errors, etc.)
- Direct distance measurement (Direct methods of measuring distance and area, obstacles and problems, measuring and its error, measuring the distance on the slope, etc).
- Leveling (leveling concepts, establish heights of points , height difference calculation by slope and horizontal distance, introduction of leveling equipments and its settings, common mistakes and errors in leveling, calculation reduced levels)
- Angular measurements: General background , reference directions for Vertical Angles, Horizontal Angles , Theodolites, Electronic Theodolites ,Total Station
Theodolite and Total Station Setup, Errors in the angular measurements.
- Indirect Distance Measurement: Trigonometric (Tachymetric) Approach, Tachymetric Surveying, Accuracy and Sources of Error in this Method...
- Electronic Distance Measurement (EDM): Principles of this Method, Electronic Distance Measurement Techniques, Introduction to Devices and Errors
- Determining Bearings and Coordinates: Determining Bearings and Coordinates, Grasping the Concept of Azimuth, True or Grid North, Various Grid Systems, and
- Control Surveying: Implementation of Plane and Height Control Networks, Identification and Design, Calculation of Coordinates and Error Analysis, Types of Surveys, Closure Errors, Coordinate Adjustments.
- Triangulation, Intersection, and Resection: Geometric Conditions in Triangulation, Calculation of Intersections, Types of Triangulation and Their Applications.
- Global Positioning System (GPS): Introduction to System Components, GPS Surveying Methods (Multi-Frequency)...
- Topographic Surveying and Detailed Measurement: Control Point Networks, Survey Design, Detailed Surveys, Radial Methods, and...
- Underground Surveying: Limitations and Techniques of Underground Surveying, Transformation of Surface Coordinates to Underground, Implementation of Underground Control Points...
- Applications of Surveying in Mining Engineering: Surveying in Exploration, Open-Pit Mining, Volume and Area Calculations, and...
- Curves: Introduction and Implementation of Curves in Surveying...
- Introduction to Photogrammetry: Introduction to Surveying Using Drones (UAVs)..