Fundamentals of Computer and Programing
- Basic Concepts:
,History of Computer Development (Operating Systems, Programming Languages)
Introduction to the Main Components of a Computer,
History of C/C++,
Structured Programming and Writing Engineered Code,
Structure and Steps of Program Creation and Execution, Basic Introduction to the Compiler.
- : Calculations in Computer
Number Systems (Binary, Decimal, Hexadecimal, Signed Numbers and Twos Complement, Decimal Numbers and Floating Point),
Addition and Subtraction in Bases,
Conversion of Bases.
- Introduction to Algorithms and Flowcharts:
Definition of Algorithms and Problem Solving Steps,
Components of Algorithms (Computations, Decision Making, Iteration),
Visual Representation of Algorithms Using Flowcharts,
Examples of Some Basic Algorithms.
- Programming basics:
Variables, data types,
Input/output commands,
Familiarity with good coding (commenting, separating),
Mathematical calculations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, remainder),
Calculation precedence,
Comparison.
- Input/Output Formatting:
Formatting output with printf,
Controlling the precision of displaying numbers in output,
Printing integers, floating-point numbers, strings, and characters,
Reading formatted input.
- Statements:
Selection statements (if, if/else, switch),
Loop statements (while, for, do/while),
Data conversion,
Constants (const),
Logical operators,
Selection operator ? :,
Using typename.
- Functions:
Mathematical functions,
Random functions,
Time functions,
Function prototype,
Storage classes (static, register, extern),
Defining parameters and types of parameter passing to functions,
Definition scopes (file, function, block),
Stack in function calls,
Recursive functions,
Comparison of recursive and non-recursive functions,
Header files.
- Testing and debugging the program:
Using output commands to find errors,
Using IDE features to find errors.
- Pointers:
Pointer operators,
Calling by reference with pointers,
Using const with pointers,
Sizeof operator,
Address calculations on pointers (addition, subtraction),
Relationship between pointers and arrays,
Array of pointers.
- Arrays:
Defining and using arrays,
Passing an array to a function,
Binary search in an array,
Sorting an array,
Multidimensional arrays,
Defining constants.
- Characters and strings:
Character conversion,
String functions,
String manipulation.
- Structures:
Defining a structure (struct),
Accessing structure members,
Passing structures to functions,
Creating synonyms with typedef,
:union: data type,
Enumeration constants (enum),
Bitwise operators.
- Files:
Sequential reading and writing to files,
Random reading and writing to files,
Input and output streams.
- Introduction to C++:
Object orientation and classes,
Input and output using streams,
Namespaces, using using,
Scope change operator ::,
Types of function calls (by value and by reference),
Inline functions,
Defining default values ??in functions,
Function overloading.
Strings and vectors.
- Optional topics:
Introduction to object classes such as string and vector,
Introduction to the software development process,
Preprocessors in C.