Physical Chemistry of Materials
- An Introduction to Physical Chemistry in Materials & Metallurgical Engineering with Emphasis on Engineering Thermodynamics
- Definitions and Concepts: System and Surrounding; Types (Conditions) of Equilibrium; Intensive and Extensive Properties; Thermodynamic State of the System and Thermodynamic Variables; Some Important Units and Concentration Quantities
- Ideal Gases (Boyle–Mariotte’s law and Charles and Gay-Lussacs Law); Derivation of Ideal Gas Law; Results Obtained from the Ideal Gas Equation
- Kinetic Theory of Gases: Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution of Speeds (Energies); Derivation of Ideal Gas Law; Estimation of Molecular Weight of a Gas from Density
- Ideal Gas Mixtures: Daltons Law; Amagats Law
- Real Gases: Compressibility Factor (Z); Van der Waals Equation; Calculation of Z for Van der Waals Gas; Virial Equations; Boyle Temperature; Critical State; Other Equations of State for Gases.
- Thermodynamics Laws: Introduction and History; Concept of Zeroth Law
- First Law of Thermodynamics (Energy Conservation in Closed Systems): Internal Energy, Heat, Work
- Joules Experiments; relationship between Internal Energy & Work; relationship between Internal Energy & Work
- Concept of reversibility; Infinitesimal change; Maximum work
- Enthalpy; Heat Capacities; Joule coefficient and Joule-Thomson coefficient
- First Law of Thermodynamics and Ideal Gases; Thermochemistry (Hesss Law, Maximum Temperature)
- Second Law of Thermodynamics: Carnot cycle; Efficiency; Kelvin-Planck and Clausius statements and their equivalency
- Carnots Principle: Maximum Work in Reversible Cyclical Processes; Carnot Cycle for Ideal Gas; Efficiency of Carnot Engine; Thermodynamic Temperature
- Entropy: Macroscopic view (Classical Thermodynamics); Microscopic view (Statistical Thermodynamics); Calculation of Entropy change in ideal gases
- Entropy and Reversibility and Irreversibility: Clausius Inequality; Entropy and Equilibrium
- Configurational Entropy: Mixing of Ideal Gases; Boltzmann Equation (Microstate and Macrostate); Third Law of Thermodynamics
- Equilibrium: Equilibrium State and Stability; Reversibility/Irreversibility, Spontaneous/Nonspontaneous and Possibility
- Gibbs Energy and Helmholtz Energy: Gibbs Equations – Maxwell Relations
- Changes in Gibbs Energy for Ideal and Non-Ideal Gases; Fugacity, Non-Ideal Gas Pressure, and Ideal Gas Pressure; Activity; Equilibrium Constant and Vant Hoff Isotherm; Vapor Pressure of Condensed Matter
- Electrochemical Equilibrium: Thermodynamics of Electrochemical Cells; Calculation of Enthalpy, Entropy, and Heat Changes in an Electrochemical Cell.
- Electrochemical Cells and Their Types: Spontaneous Electrochemical Cells (Galvanic and Concentration Cells) and Nonspontaneous Cells; Reducing and Oxidizing Power.
- Faraday’s Laws