Thermodynamics (I)
- Mass conservation law.
• The concept of system
• The open system and the concept of control volume
• Steady state and Unsteady state process, the uniform state condition
• Properties, extensive and intensive
• Saturation region, single phase region, critical and triple line
• Introduction to the steam tables
• Perfect gas law.
- First Law of thermodynamics.
• Internal energy, Enthalpy, Specific heats for perfect gas.
• Heat and work
• Piston – cylinder arrangement.
• Compressors, Turbines, Heat Exchangers, Thorttling, Pumps.
- Second law of thermodynamics
• Definition of entropy and entropy form thermodynamic tables
• The concept of reversibility
• Turbine, pump and compressor efficiencies.
• Second law analysis of open and closed systems.
• The principle of increase of entropy
• Reversible heat engine, Refrigeration cycle and heat pump
• The Carnot cycle
• The Inequality of Clausius
• Statements of the second law
- Exergy balance equation
• The concept of availability
• Exergy as a thermodynamic property
• Derivation of the exergy balance equation
• Irreversibility and the second law efficiency